Which syndrome is characterized by extreme shyness and social difficulties due to a chromosomal abnormality?

Fragile X Syndrome is associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality involving the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome. Children with Fragile X often exhibit developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and significant social anxiety, which leads to extreme shyness and difficulties in social interactions. The condition is more prevalent in males and can manifest as challenges in communication and forming relationships, largely due to the anxiety and discomfort these individuals feel in social settings.

The other syndromes present different characteristics. Cri Du Chat Syndrome involves a deletion on chromosome 5, leading to distinct facial features and potential cognitive delays, but it is not primarily characterized by shyness. Prader-Willi Syndrome is linked to genetic abnormalities on chromosome 15 and is marked by insatiable hunger and obesity, alongside moderate intellectual disabilities, but again does not focus on social difficulties as its primary trait. Down Syndrome, resulting from an extra copy of chromosome 21, commonly presents with cognitive impairments and unique physical features, but while individuals may face social challenges, it is not specifically defined by extreme shyness alone. Therefore, Fragile X Syndrome is distinct for its pronounced traits of social difficulty and shyness rooted in its chromosomal abnormality.